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Efua Theodora Sutherland (27 June 1924 – 2 January 1996) was a Ghanaian playwright, director, children's author, poet and dramatist. Her best-known works include ''Foriwa'' (1962), ''Edufa'' (1967), and ''The Marriage of Anansewa'' (1975). She founded the Ghana Drama Studio, the Ghana Society of Writers,〔Moses Danquah, ("Ghana, One Year Old: a First Independence Anniversary Review" ), Accra: Publicity Promotions, 1958.〕 the Ghana Experimental Theatre, and a community project called the Kodzidan (Story House). As the earliest Ghanaian playwright-director and a popular broadcaster,〔Margaret Busby, "Efua Sutherland", ''Daughters of Africa: An International Anthology of Words and Writings by Women of African Descent'' (1992), Vintage, 1993, p. 314.〕 she was an influential figure in the establishment of modern Ghanaian theatre, and helped to establish the study of African performance traditions at university level. She was also a pioneering publisher, establishing the company Afram Publications in the 1970s.〔 ==Life== She was born Efua Theodora Morgue in Cape Coast, Gold Coast (now Ghana), where she studied teaching at St Monica's Training College. She then went to England to continue her studies at Homerton College, Cambridge University, and at the School of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London.〔 When she returned to Ghana, Sutherland helped to establish the literary magazine ''Okyeame'' at the end of 1957.〔Simon Gikandi, ("Sutherland, Efua Theodora" ), ''Encyclopedia of African Literature'', Routledge, 2003.〕 She then taught at schools including at St. Monica's Training College, before settling in Accra. In 1954 she married Bill Sutherland, an African American and pan-Africanist who had moved to Ghana.〔William Milter, (Interview with Bill Sutherland ), September 2004, for "No Easy Victories: African Liberation and American Activists over a Half Century, 1950-2000".〕 They had three children and she helped her husband in the establishment of a school in the Transvolta area. During this time Sutherland experimented with drama, founding in 1958 the Experimental Theatre Players, which was a workshop for writers of children's literature, and later became the Ghana Drama Studio, with Joe de Graft as its first director. The Drama Studio soon became a training ground for Ghanaian playwrights and went on to become part of the University of Ghana, with Sutherland taking on the role of Researcher in the new School of Performing Arts.〔Collins, Stephen (2011), ("Playwriting and postcolonialism: identifying the key factors in the development and diminution of playwriting in Ghana 1916-2007" ), MPhil(R) thesis, p. 15, University of Glasgow.〕 It is now the Writer's Workshop in the Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana, Legon.〔 She founded the Kodzidan (Story House) in Ekumfi-Atiwa. In 1962 she joined the staff of the new School of Music and Drama, headed by J. H. Kwabena Nketia.〔 She was also a research fellow in literature and drama at the Institute of African Studies at the University of Ghana.〔 Sutherland was a great help author and activist Maya Angelou when she lived and worked in Ghana in the 1960s, and is affectionately featured in Angelou's fifth volume of memoirs, ''All God's Children Need Traveling Shoes''.〔Maya Angelou, (''All God's Children Need Traveling Shoes'' ), 1986.〕 In the early 1970s, Sutherland co-founded the publishing company Afram Publications, which was incorporated in 1973, and in March 1974 began operating from her private studio in "Araba Mansa", her compound at Dzorwulu, Accra.〔("Our History", Afram Publications. )〕 Sutherland remained involved in Afram's editorial work until her death.〔Kofi Anyidoho and James Woods (eds), (''FonTomFrom: Contemporary Ghanaian Literature, Theatre and Film'' ), p. 80.〕 In the mid-1980s, she mooted the idea of holding a pan-African historical theatre festival in Ghana as a cultural vehicle for bringing together Africans on the continent and in the diaspora; it came to fruition as Panafest, which was first held in 1992.〔(Panafest website. )〕 Efua Sutherland died in Accra aged 71 in 1996. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Efua Sutherland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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